How to draw?

The formation of such areas is reminiscent of drawing with a stencil / template (and traditional lithography). The stencil is a layer of a very peculiar substance - a resist.  The resist should be:

• resistant to certain chemical influences;

• sensitive to certain radiation;

• after irradiation/exposure, it should dissolve well (but only after exposure!) in a special solvent.

• an unirradiated (part of) resist must remain resistant to certain chemical influences even after contact with the solvent.

Simplistically, lithography goes like this:

1. 1. 1. A layer of resist is applied to the prepared surface of the  crystal (plate/substrate).

      2. Exposure of the resist: in the right places, the resist is irradiated (to reduce its solubility).  To do this, special systems are used that focus the image on the surface of the resist.

      3. Development of resist: plate with resist is placed in a solvent. Exposed areas of the resist are washed away. 

After lithography is done, it is the turn of  the following / required operations.

A couple, for example:

This may be followed by surface polishing. Than, the remaining resist removes. Finally, it will result in either a "groove" or a metal "wire" on the treated substrate 

Repeating such operations many times (and adding the application of a dielectric / insulator and other necessary steps), starting each time with a new flat surface, in the end a complex multilayer "pie" is formed, which is a chip.  Relatively simple circuits require about 10 consecutive lithographies. More often, several dozen lithographies needed  http://www.lithoguru.com/scientist/lithobasics.html (and subsequent etching, ion implantation, chemical deposition, etc.).   https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semiconductor_device_fabrication

So, lithography is just one of many different complex technological processes for the manufacture of microcircuits.  At the same time, it is the lithography that determines the dimensions of the elements of the chip / circuit, their number (degree of integration), and therefore the level of the entire technology.